The epidemiological profile of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome in the United States, 19982004: the evidence for absence of endemic transmission

SE Reef, SB Redd, E Abernathy… - Clinical infectious …, 2006 - academic.oup.com
… is that they may actually represent endemic transmission of rubella virus, which we … of the
epidemiological evidence to support elimination is related to surveillance. Up to 50% of rubella

Evidence used to support the achievement and maintenance of elimination of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome in the United States

SE Reef, SB Redd, E Abernathy, P Kutty… - Journal of Infectious …, 2011 - academic.oup.com
… CRS born during 1998–2000. During 2001–2004, the molecular epidemiological profile of
rubella and CRS … Elimination is defined as the absence of endemic rubella virus transmission. …

Congenital rubella syndrome: progress and future challenges

A Morice, R Ulloa-Gutierrez… - Expert review of …, 2009 - Taylor & Francis
… Despite detecting imported rubella cases in 1997 and 1998, … 2004, a panel of experts
determined that the USA had enough evidence to confirm that the country interrupted the endemic

Approach to verify the status of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome elimination in Costa Rica

A Morice, ML Avila-Aguero… - Journal of Infectious …, 2011 - academic.oup.com
… of endemic transmission of the rubella and measles viruses for … and the absence of CRS
cases associated with endemic … last rubella outbreak in Costa Rica, which began in late 1998, …

[HTML][HTML] Last cases of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome in Spain, 1997–2016: the success of a vaccination program

EM Seppälä, N López-Perea, MVT de Mier… - Vaccine, 2019 - Elsevier
… –1998 are associated with the epidemic peak that occurred in 1995–1997 [18]; those born
in 2004–… underreporting of CRS associated to the rubella epidemic occurring in 1995–1997. …

[HTML][HTML] Congenital rubella syndrome

H McLean, S Redd, E Abernathy… - … : Centers for Disease …, 2012 - medbox.iiab.me
… during 1998-2011, the mother was born outside the United States… In 2004, an independent
panel of internationally recognized … (ie, the absence of year round endemic transmission) was …

… review of rubella vaccination strategies implemented in the Americas: impact on the incidence and seroprevalence rates of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome

N Mongua-Rodriguez, JL Díaz-Ortega, L García-García… - Vaccine, 2013 - Elsevier
… the incidence of rubella by more than 98% and led to absence of CRS … of endemic transmission
of rubella in the Americas. … not modify the epidemiology of rubella because the strategy …

[HTML][HTML] Congenital rubella syndrome

…, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Manual for the …, 2017 - cdc.gov
… the absence of vaccination, rubella was an endemic disease1998–2017, the mother was
born outside the United States in … States in 2004.[6] However, because of international travel …

Adequacy of surveillance to detect endemic rubella transmission in the United States

F Averhoff, J Zucker, C Vellozzi, S Redd… - Clinical infectious …, 2006 - academic.oup.com
epidemiological profile of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome in the United States,
19982004: the evidence for absence of endemic transmission. Clin Infect Dis 2006;43(Suppl 3):…

Rubella epidemiology: surveillance to monitor and evaluate congenital rubella prevention strategies

C Peckham, P Tookey, P Hardelid - Perspectives in Medical Virology, 2006 - Elsevier
… of congenital rubella defects in non-epidemic situations … In 2004, a rubella outbreak within
these communities led to … In 1998 a second dose of MMR was recommended at 4 years. …